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中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
2022年新茶饮门店数已近50万家，蜜雪冰城位居第一、古茗第二****** 新茶饮行业正处于持续增速阶段。近日，中国连锁经营协会发布《2022新茶饮研究报告》(以下简称报告)显示，2022年新茶饮市场处于成熟期上半段。2022年年底在业的新茶饮门店总数约48.6万家，截至2022年10月底，蜜雪冰城以23295家门店数位居第一；古茗居第二，门店数为6778家。新茶饮行业的市场格局逐渐明朗，新茶饮品牌头部效应明显。 此外，2022年新茶饮的连锁化率已提升到55.2%。在多个城市核心商圈的抽样调查中，新茶饮的连锁化率超80%。新茶饮这个从业者平均年龄不到30岁、形成规模不超十年的新兴行业，已经阶段性创造出了旺盛的消费者需求，并以连锁经营的形态在消费市场上熠熠生辉。 1、蜜雪冰城门店数最多，古茗近7000家 从中国整体新茶饮市场来看，2022年年底在业的新茶饮门店总数约48.6万家，比2020年年底37.8万家增长超28%。结合全网多方数据及企业调研，报告确定了30家典型新茶饮品牌在2022年10月底的门店数。 数据显示，蜜雪冰城门店数位居第一；古茗紧随其后，门店数为6778家；排在第三、四位的的书亦烧仙草、茶百道门店数也均超过6000家。从消费者角度看，2022年新茶饮整体有了更好的“性价比”、算下来“比瓶装饮料贵不了多少”、“比单独买新鲜水果还便宜”。   图片来源：中国连锁经营协会新茶饮门店数不断增长，进一步带动该细分品类在我国现制饮品市场中占据越来越重要的位置。从整个现制饮品市场来看，2022年新茶饮门店数仍是我国现制饮品中门店数最多的一个细分品类，其门店数占比高达61.9%。  图片来源：中国连锁经营协会2、新茶饮连锁化率升至55.2%，行业竞争将围绕供应链 新茶饮具有一定零售产业特性，标准化程度高，能够迅速实现复制。据美团数据显示，2020-2022年餐饮业连锁化率从15%提升到20.7%。同期，新茶饮的连锁化率从41.2%提升到55.2%。在多个城市核心商圈的抽样调查中，新茶饮的连锁化率超80%。放眼全球连锁市场，我国新茶饮在过去几年里市场发展迅猛，目标客群清晰，产品不断迭代创新，孕育出了多个全国知名品牌。  图片来源：中国连锁经营协会中国连锁经营协会发布的报告还指出，未来新茶饮的竞争就是供应链上的竞争。而提前布局供应链的茶饮品牌将在越来越激烈的市场竞争中更具有核心竞争力。比如古茗自2016年就已经开始了供应链建设，除稳定的合作果园茶园外，也拓建了自己的果园，目前已经跑出了一个涵盖原料种植、快速配送、仓储基地建设的完整供应链模式。夯实的供应链链条可以更精准做好产品品控，为消费者提供口感稳定、高性价比的新鲜饮品。 接下来，布局农业供应链将成为行业新趋势，从上游果园到下游销售全产业链把控，将会是新茶饮品牌发展的必经之路。 至于新茶饮行业的未来发展空间，根据艾媒咨询及华经产业研究院数据测算： 2022年新式茶饮行业市场规模超过2900亿元，同比增长5.1%。“整个新茶饮市场有望在2023年Q2全面恢复，并有望迎来‘欢庆式’销售市场，业绩整体全面提升。加盟业务也有望全面恢复。最终，2023年将实现全年业绩的同比增长。”《2022新茶饮研究报告》指出。
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